NEWS RELEASE FEBRUARY 2013
Boosting Air Pollution Export Sales
Overcoming language and knowledge barriers is necessary for successful export of air pollution control systems and products. This is the advice offered by McIlvaine in its Air Pollution Management service.
Several European nations along with Japan and the U.S. are funding programs to boost export of domestic air pollution control systems and components. One challenge is the lack of experience and knowledge and another is the fluency with English technical terms. The fact that the Asians in general incorrectly use denitration or dentrification instead of DeNOx to describe the reduction of NOx in the stack gases is testimony to the problem.
Before exporting countries can successfully communicate, it is necessary to precisely classify the products to be exported. In fact, there are no comprehensive and precise definitions and classifications for the latest air pollution control technologies. There was no agreement on ways to clean NOx catalyst until McIlvaine formed a committee of catalyst suppliers who agreed that there are really only three ways to treat existing catalyst for reuse:
|
Descriptor |
Chinese Descriptor |
Definition |
|
Cleaning Catalyst |
催化剂除灰 |
A dry process that utilizes vacuum and compressed air to mechanically remove as much of the flyash accumulation as possible. |
|
Regeneration Catalyst |
催化剂再生 |
“Catalyst cleaning” followed by a wet chemical process to remove decay compounds plus re-impregnation of the catalytic compound(s). |
|
Rejuvenation Catalyst |
催化剂复原 |
“Catalyst cleaning” followed by a wet chemical process to remove some decay compounds with minimum removal of catalytic compound(s). There is no re-impregnation of the catalytic compound(s). |
These three methods have now been defined and precise translations created in Chinese.
There are a number of ways to reduce NOx. These have been summarized in the McIlvaine Global Decisions Orchard.
|
DeNOx Decisively Classified Options for Coal, Cement, Incineration |
||
|
Option |
* |
Details |
|
SCR |
E |
Ammonia injection followed by a catalytic reactor |
|
|
A |
High efficiency and accepted by regulatory authorities |
|
|
D |
Cost, catalyst plugging, space |
|
SNCR |
E |
Urea injection in the furnace |
|
|
A |
Low cost, low maintenance, space |
|
|
D |
Low efficiency, ammonia slip |
|
Ozone Oxidation |
E |
Ozone injection followed by scrubber |
|
|
A |
Little space if scrubber already in place |
|
|
D |
Ozone cost, efficiency |
|
Hydrogen Peroxide |
E |
Chemical injection converts to NO2 followed by scrubbing |
|
|
A |
Low capital cost if scrubber already in place |
|
|
D |
Chemical cost |
|
Catalytic Filter |
E |
Fabric filter has embedded catalyst |
|
|
A |
Lower foot print with combination, lower capital and operating cost |
|
|
D |
Lack of experience |
|
* E= explanation A=advantages D=disadvantages |
||
The sequence of decision making for the specifier is unique. Here is the sequence recommended for decisions on monitoring ammonia slip from a gas turbine:
Ammonia Slip Monitor Selection for Gas Turbine SCR System
|
Decision Sequence |
Decision Category |
Decision Subject |
Explanation |
|
Level 1 |
Orientation |
Specifier |
Purchaser or A/E making the decisions for bid purposes |
|
Level 2 |
Application |
221112 – Fossil Fuel 化石燃料 Gas-fired 燃气 |
Also applicable for coal-fired power plants, incinerators and cement kilns |
|
Level 3 |
Process |
NOx Reduction |
Can be used with both SCR and SNCR |
|
Level 4 |
Location |
SCR Outlet |
Measure ammonia slip
|
|
Level 5 |
Pollutant |
NH3 |
Ammonia which escapes SCR
|
|
Level 6 |
Product |
CEM |
Continuous emission monitor to measure ammonia after reaction with NOx |
|
Level 7a |
Type |
In situ
|
Big differences between measuring in stack and taking a small sample and conditioning and treating it |
|
Level 7b |
Type |
Extractive |
Extract sample, condition and measure |
|
Level 8a |
Principle |
Laser Spectroscopy (TDL IR)
|
Advantages: Interference free, in situ or extractive Disadvantages: Moisture interference, limited experience
|
|
Level 8b |
Principle |
Automated Wet Chemistry |
Advantages: familiarity, quick set up and good for extractive periodic testing Disadvantages: labor intensive, reagents |
|
Level 8c |
Principle |
NOx Differential |
Advantages: Tried and proven Disadvantages: Poor sensitivity to high NOx levels |
|
Level 8d |
Principle |
UV Photometry |
Advantages: Tried and proven Disadvantages: Strong interference from SO2 |
|
Level 8e |
Principle |
Ion Mobility |
Advantages: Sensitive and interference free Disadvantages: Not suited for corrosive gases, slow response |
|
Level 8f |
Principle |
IR-Multi Component |
Advantages: Multiple species Disadvantages: Cost |
Exporting countries and companies need to promote the decisive classification of the products which they wish to sell. All decision making is a series of classifications. A clear presentation of the alternatives will facilitate better decision making. This will be one of the most cost effective ways to expand exports.
For more information on Air Pollution Management, click on: http://home.mcilvainecompany.com/index.php/component/content/article?id=48#n5ab